Global warming conspiracy and global warming conspiracy theory are terms used to refer to the claim that the theory of global warming is a fraud, perpetuated for financial or ideological reasons. The term conspiracy theory can be used in a pejorative manner, and proponents of the claim often prefer the more politically correct term "global warming hoax" or "global warming fraud" instead.
Claims
- The suggestion of a conspiracy to promote the theory of global warming was put forward in a 1990 documentary The Greenhouse Conspiracy broadcast by Channel Four in the United Kingdom on 12 August 1990 . The program was part of the Equinox series, and it asserted that scientists critical of global warming theory were denied funding. Although the program uses the word conspiracy in its title, Patrick Michaels downplayed the idea, saying, "It may not quite add up to a conspiracy, but certainly a coalition of interests has promoted the greenhouse theory; scientists have needed funds, the media a story, and governments a worthy cause".
- Writing in the National Review in 1997, Ron Bailey said, "Militia members are famously worried that black helicopters are practicing maneuvers with blue-helmeted UN troops in a plot to take over America. But the actual peril is more subtle. A small cadre of obscure international bureaucrats are hard at work devising a system of 'global governance' that is slowly gaining control over ordinary Americans' lives. Maurice Strong, a 68-year-old Canadian, is the 'indispensable man' at the center of this creeping UN power grab." Bailey notes that Strong's most prominent and influential role to date was as Chairman of the Earth Summit which gave rise to the UN Framework Convention on Global Climate Change, and asserts that proposals to restrict emissions of greenhouse gases (then under negotiation) would cost the US "$90 billion to $400 billion annually in lost Gross Domestic Product and a loss of between 600,000 and 3.5 million jobs." Bailey alleges Strong's list of contacts includes:
- Former United States Vice President Al Gore;
- Former World Bank President James Wolfensohn;
- James Gustave Speth, head of the United Nations Development Program.
- Shridath Ramphal, formerly Secretary General of the (British) Commonwealth,
- Jonathan Lash, President of the World Resources Institute;
- Ingvar Carlsson, former Swedish prime minister
- Mikhail Gorbachev; and
- Former United States President George H. W. Bush.
- Bailey remarks "It's not a conspiracy, of course: just a group of like-minded people fighting to save the world from less prescient and more selfish forces -- namely, market forces."
- In a speech given to the US Senate Committee on the Environment and Public Works on July 28, 2003, entitled "The Science of Climate Change", Senator James Inhofe (R-Okla) concluded by asking the following question: "With all of the hysteria, all of the fear, all of the phony science, could it be that man-made global warming is the greatest hoax ever perpetrated on the American people?" Inhofe has suggested that supporters of Kyoto such as Jacques Chirac are aiming at global governance.
- In an article which also quoted Inhofe, the American Free Press stated, "It was an unguarded moment for Chirac. World government is the main goal of the secret Bilderberg group, of which he is a luminary."
- A Washington Post article describing the views of global warming skeptics quotes climatologist William M. Gray as having "his own conspiracy theory," saying, "He has made a list of 15 reasons for the global warming hysteria. The list includes the need to come up with an enemy after the end of the Cold War, and the desire among scientists, government leaders and environmentalists to find a political cause that would enable them to 'organize, propagandize, force conformity and exercise political influence. Big world government could best lead (and control) us to a better world!'" In this article, Gray also cites the ascendancy of Al Gore to the vice presidency as the start of his problems with federal funding. According to him, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration stopped giving him research grants, and so did NASA.
- The March 1, 2007 issue of Whistleblower magazine, a publication of WorldNetDaily, is titled "HYSTERIA: Exposing the secret agenda behind today's obsession with global warming," and asserts that "all the main players –- from politicians and scientists to big corporations and the United Nations –- benefit from instilling fear into billions of human beings over the unproven theory of man-made global warming".
- Commenting on criticism of the Lavoisier Group by Clive Hamilton, the Cooler Heads Coalition notes that "Hamilton accuses the Lavoisier Group of painting the UN's global warming negotiations as "an elaborate conspiracy in which hundreds of climate scientists have twisted their results to support the 'climate change theory' in order to protect their research funding" and adds, "Sounds plausible to us."
- Tim Ball, former professor at the University of Winnipeg, wrote in a February 2007 interview, "You’ve got this incestuous little group that is controlling the whole process both through their publications and the IPCC. I’m not a conspiracy theorist and I hate being even pushed toward that, but I think there is a consensus conspiracy that’s going on."
- A 2007 Minority Report of the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public_Works (updated in 2009) originally citing support of 400 "dissenting scientists", and growing to 700 dissenting scientists. The report challenges man-made global warming claims made by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and former Vice President Al Gore.
- The Lyndon LaRouche organization claims that a scientific conference in 1975 was the origin of the "Global Warming Hoax"
Fictional representations
- The novel State of Fear by Michael Crichton describes a conspiracy by scientists and others to create public panic about global warming. The novel includes 20 pages of footnotes, described by Crichton as providing a factual basis for the non-plotline elements of the story.
Participants
Many of those claimed to be participants in a conspiracy to promote global warming theory appear prominently in other conspiracy theories. These include organizations such as
- The United Nations
- The Bilderberg Group
- The environmental movement
- The Club of Rome
- Green Cross International
and individuals such as
- Al Gore
- Kofi Annan
- Jacques Chirac
- Maurice Strong
- George Soros
- Mikhail Gorbachev
Motives
A number of different, and sometimes contradictory, motives have been claimed for a conspiracy to promote the idea of global warming
- A desire on the part of the United Nations and its supporters to promote a system of world government or global governance. Proponents of this theory frequently stress the role of Maurice Strong.
- A desire on the part of environmentalists to prevent carbon-based industrial development in Africa
- A desire on the part of environmentalists to promote pollution-intensive industrial development in Africa, while reducing industrial output in the United States
- A desire on the part of climate science researchers to attract financial support
- A desire by the government to raise taxes
- A desire on the part of left-wing political activists to promote an agenda described by Melanie Phillips as a "left-wing, anti-American, anti-west ideology which goes hand in hand with anti-globalisation and the belief that everything done by the industrialised world is wicked. The agenda to cripple this world is revealed by highly questionable assumptions made by climate modellers about likely developments in economics, technology or population movements, which affect emissions and consequent temperature predictions."
- A desire on the part of conservative political leaders including Margaret Thatcher, and Helmut Kohl to promote nuclear power while attracting the political support of Green groups
- A desire on the part of leftwing political leaders to promote socialism:
- According to a critical special contribution written by Lawrie McFarlane in Victoria's Times Colonist , "For socialism, at least in its early form, shared those same instincts -- distrust of private enterprise, animus toward wealth, the urge to proselytize and faith in big government. And like environmentalism, it marched under the banner of a superior morality. (...) Environmentalism is neither religion nor science. It is a political mission, every bit as unquestioning as socialism in its heyday, and offering the same giddy promise to followers: The delicious prospect of being in the right, and better still, running things."
- Czech President Václav Klaus said that "This ideology preaches earth and nature and under the slogans of their protection – similarly to the old Marxists – wants to replace the free and spontaneous evolution of mankind by a sort of central, now global, planning of the whole world"
Ideological motives
Statements made or allegedly made by various supporters of climate change policies have been quoted as giving support to the idea that anthropogenic global warming may be used primarily for political purposes.
- Ac
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